Online Publication Catalog


Filter titles by series:

College publications are given 2-part "pub numbers" that are used to identify them. The first part (the prefix) is a set of letters that indicates which series the document belongs to. A series is a grouping of documents that share similar content. The second part of the pub number is just a sequential number.

In descending order, by date published.

 


 

Agronomy


AGR-206

Lawn Management: Kentucky Master Gardener Manual Chapter 15

1/16/2024 (major revision)
Authors: Kenneth Clayton, Gregg Munshaw, A.J. Powell

Turfgrass is the foundation of a quality landscape. It improves the beauty of other ornamentals and provides a safe recreational surface.

Departments: Plant and Soil Sciences
Series: Agronomy (AGR series)
Size: 2.21 mb
Pages: 16



AGR-205

Weed Management: Kentucky Master Gardener Manual Chapter 8

1/16/2024 (major revision)
Authors: J.D. Green

Every garden has weeds, and every gardener wonders what to do about them. Gardening involves lots of small decisions that can have a cumulative effect on those weed problems.

Departments: Plant and Soil Sciences
Series: Agronomy (AGR series)
Size: 1.47 mb
Pages: 10



AGR-204

Soils and Fertility: Kentucky Master Gardener Manual Chapter 4

1/16/2024 (major revision)
Authors: Brad Lee, Edwin Ritchey

Soil is a mixture of weathered rock fragments (minerals) and organic matter at the earth's surface. It is biologically active - a home to countless microorganisms, invertebrates, and plant roots.

Departments: Plant and Soil Sciences
Series: Agronomy (AGR series)
Size: 1.53 mb
Pages: 18



AGR-6

Weed Control Recommendations for Kentucky Grain Crops, 2024

11/15/2023 (minor revision)
Authors: J.D. Green, Travis Legleiter

The use of herbicides suggested in this publication is based on research at the Kentucky Agricultural Experiment Station and elsewhere. We have given what we believe to be the most effective herbicides, with the most suitable rates and times of application. Smaller files are available here.

Departments: Plant and Soil Sciences
Series: Agronomy (AGR series)
Size: 6.85 mb
Pages: 144



AGR-275

Tall Fescue Novel Endophyte Varieties and Establishment for Livestock and Horse Farms

11/2/2023 (new)
Authors: Krista Lea, Stephanie Smith, Ray Smith

"Endophyte" refers to a fungus that lives within the fescue plant, meaning it cannot be seen with the naked eye. The endophyte found in tall fescue is beneficial to the plant: It gives tall fescue insect resistance, enhanced grazing tolerance, and greater persistence in stressful environments. The major disadvantage of some of the endophytes of tall fescue is that they produce toxic alkaloids that have detrimental effects on many types of livestock.

Departments: Plant and Soil Sciences
Series: Agronomy (AGR series)
Size: 889 kb
Pages: 2



AGR-273

Soil Acidity: What It Is, How It Is Measured, Why It Is Important

4/13/2023 (new)
Authors: John Grove, Edwin Ritchey

Soil chemical health is strongly related to soil acidity. This acidity consists of acidic cations, hydrogen (H+), aluminum (Al3+), and in some soils, manganese (Mn2+). The acid cations are neutralized by basic anions, carbonate (CO32-), hydroxyl (OH-), and oxide (O2-) provided by materials such as agricultural, hydrated/slaked, and quick/burnt limes, respectively. Lime application rates are based on the amount of acidity measured in your soil sample.

Departments: Plant and Soil Sciences
Series: Agronomy (AGR series)
Size: 553 kb
Pages: 2



AGR-270

Restoring a Flood-damaged Lawn

3/14/2023 (new)
Authors: Kenneth Clayton, Paul Andrew Rideout, Jason Vaughn, Beth Wilson

Flooding across Kentucky has been an increasing problem in recent years and has caused significant damage to many properties, including home lawns. The deterioration or death of turfgrass is often caused by grass being smothered with silt and sand deposits left from the flood or grass being submerged under water for prolonged periods. Lack of oxygen to the plant can cause death when submerged, and the rate of death is often worse with higher water temperatures. Repairing these areas is important for reducing chances of erosion as well as allowing a return to the regular use of the lawn.

Departments: Extension Field Programs, Henderson County, Plant and Soil Sciences, Pulaski County
Series: Agronomy (AGR series)
Size: 1.19 mb
Pages: 2



AGR-265

Soil Sampling and Nutrient Management in Small Ruminant Pastures

3/13/2023 (revised)
Authors: Jimmy Henning, Josh McGrath, Edwin Ritchey, Ray Smith, Chris Teutsch

Pastures for sheep and goats are fertilized to ensure a reliable supply of energy, protein, and other nutrients for a long season of grazing. Management of plant nutrients maintains a balance of improved grasses and legumes and improves forage species competitiveness with many pasture weeds. The most important part of obtaining fertilizer recommendations is collecting a representative soil sample to send to the lab.

Departments: Plant and Soil Sciences
Series: Agronomy (AGR series)
Size: 1.89 mb
Pages: 5



AGR-106

Determining the Quality of Aglime: Using Relative Neutralizing Values

3/13/2023 (revised)
Authors: Lloyd Murdock, Monroe Rasnake, Greg Schwab, Bill Thom

Most Kentucky soils need to have lime applied in order to keep the pH in the optimum range for growing crops. Lime applications should always be based on a good soil test that takes into account the existing pH and the buffering capacity of the soil. However, even when all this is done and lime is applied as recommended, the desired change in soil pH may not occur. The problem may be due to the use of low quality lime.

Departments: Plant and Soil Sciences
Series: Agronomy (AGR series)
Size: 228 kb
Pages: 2



AGR-16

Taking Soil Test Samples

3/13/2023 (revised)
Authors: Lloyd Murdock, Greg Schwab, Frank Sikora, Bill Thom

The most important part of making fertilizer recommendations is collecting a good, representative soil sample. Soil test results and fertilizer recommendations are based solely on the few ounces of soil submitted to the laboratory for analysis. These few ounces can represent several million pounds of soil in the field. If this sample does not reflect actual soil conditions, the results can be misleading and lead to costly over- or under-fertilization. It is necessary to make sure that the soil sample sent to the laboratory accurately represents the area sampled.

Departments: Plant and Soil Sciences, Regulatory Services
Series: Agronomy (AGR series)
Size: 353 kb
Pages: 4



AGR-1

Lime and Fertilizer Recommendations, 2020-2021

3/13/2023 (revised)
Authors: Josh McGrath, Edwin Ritchey

Recommended nutrient additions, based on a soil test, are only made when a crop yield or economic response has been measured for that crop under Kentucky soil-climatic conditions. Many field studies have been conducted by the Kentucky Agricultural Experiment Station under Kentucky farm conditions to determine the extent of any primary, secondary, or micronutrient needs. Yield and soil test data from these studies serve as guidelines for establishing recommendations contained in this publication. Recommendations in this publication strive to supply the plant nutrients needed to achieve maximum economic return assuming good management practices.

Departments: Plant and Soil Sciences
Series: Agronomy (AGR series)
Size: 608 kb
Pages: 29



AGR-271

Frost Seeding Clover: A Recipe for Success

3/2/2023 (new)
Authors: Jimmy Henning, Ray Smith, Chris Teutsch

Legumes are an essential part of a strong and healthy grassland ecosystems. They form a symbiotic relationship with Rhizobium bacteria in which the bacteria fix nitrogen from the air into a plant-available form and share it with the legume. Clover also increases forage quality and quantity and helps to manage tall fescue toxicosis. In the past, the positive impact of clover on tall fescue toxicosis has always been thought to simply be a dilution effect, but new research from the USDA's Forage Animal Production Unit in Lexington shows that compounds found in red clover can reverse vasoconstriction that is caused by the ergot alkaloids in toxic tall fescue. The primary compound found in red clover is a vasodilator called "Biochanin A."

Departments: Plant and Soil Sciences
Series: Agronomy (AGR series)
Size: 3.01 mb
Pages: 3



AGR-272

Preemergence Herbicides for Kentucky Lawns

2/16/2023 (new)
Authors: Kenneth Clayton, Jason Vaughn, Beth Wilson

Herbicides are used to control unwanted plants in many different locations. Postemergence herbicides are sprayed on actively growing weeds. In turfgrass, several herbicides are used to control weeds before they germinate and begin to grow. These are called "preemergence herbicides" and are commonly sold as "weed preventers." They control germinating weed seeds and subsequent growth. Therefore, to be effective, preemergence herbicides must be present in the upper soil surface before weed seeds germinate.

Departments: Extension Field Programs, Plant and Soil Sciences, Pulaski County
Series: Agronomy (AGR series)
Size: 849 kb
Pages: 2



AGR-268

Evaluating Cool-season Perennial Grass Pastures using the UK Horse Pasture Health Score Card

12/19/2022 (new)
Authors: Krista Lea, Ray Smith

Providing quality forage is essential to horse health, and pasture can provide a significant portion of the horse's forage needs. Objective evaluation of a pasture's condition can help determine appropriate pasture management practices. The UK Horse Pasture Health Score Card can be used to evaluate horse pastures and determine what improvements should be made.

Departments: Plant and Soil Sciences
Series: Agronomy (AGR series)
Size: 4.95 mb
Pages: 7



AGR-235

Baleage: Frequently Asked Questions

12/13/2022 (minor revision)
Authors: Jimmy Henning, Brandon Sears, Ray Smith, Chris Teutsch

Baled silage, or "baleage," is an excellent method for forage harvest, storage, and feed efficiency. This publication focuses on common questions about baleage. Together with AGR-173: Baling Forage Crops for Silage, this information will help producers better understand the production and use of baleage as livestock feed.

Departments: Plant and Soil Sciences
Series: Agronomy (AGR series)
Size: 8.79 mb
Pages: 8



AGR-269

Barn Management for Curing Connecticut Broadleaf Cigar Wrapper Tobacco

12/6/2022 (new)
Authors: Andy Bailey

Connecticut Broadleaf tobacco is used primarily for cigar wrapper and binder and was traditionally grown in Connecticut and Massachusetts but has also been grown in Pennsylvania. In recent years, these areas have not been able to supply leaf buyers with enough wrapper leaf to meet the increasing demand for natural leaf cigar wrapper. Therefore, growers in Tennessee and Kentucky have been producing Connecticut Broadleaf to market as cigar wrapper tobacco.

Departments: Plant and Soil Sciences
Series: Agronomy (AGR series)
Size: 877 kb
Pages: 3



AGR-267

Ordering/Casing Burley and Dark Tobacco - Post-Curing Management Practices

9/8/2022 (new)
Authors: Andy Bailey, Bob Pearce

Market preparation of burley and dark tobacco involves removing cured tobacco from the curing facilities (takedown), removing the stalks from the stick (bulking), removing cured leaves from tobacco stalks (stripping) and packaging for the market (baling). These processes can only be performed when cured leaves are sufficiently pliable to avoid breakage.

Departments: Plant and Soil Sciences
Series: Agronomy (AGR series)
Size: 1.25 mb
Pages: 3



AGR-50

Lawn Establishment in Kentucky

7/29/2022 (minor revision)
Authors: Gregg Munshaw

The methods you use, the grass you select and the time of year that you plant your lawn will often determine the quality and ease of maintenance. When it comes to establishing a new lawn, the key is to do everything properly from the start so you will not have to try to fix the lawn once it is established.

Departments: Plant and Soil Sciences
Series: Agronomy (AGR series)
Size: 3.04 mb
Pages: 6



AGR-266

Chemical Topping of Burley Tobacco

6/17/2022 (new)
Authors: Andy Bailey, Bob Pearce

Pastures for sheep and goats are fertilized to ensure a reliable supply of energy, protein, and other nutrients for a long season of grazing. Management of plant nutrients maintains a balance of improved grasses and legumes and improves forage species competitiveness with many pasture weeds. The most important part of obtaining fertilizer recommendations is collecting a representative soil sample to send to the lab.

Departments: Plant and Soil Sciences
Series: Agronomy (AGR series)
Size: 439 kb
Pages: 3



AGR-172

Weed Management in Grass Pastures, Hayfields, and Other Farmstead Sites, 2021

5/19/2021 (major revision)
Authors: J.D. Green

Weeds can reduce the quantity and the stand life of desirable forage plants in pastures and hayfields. These unwanted plants are often more aggressive than existing or desired forage species and compete for light, water, and nutrients. Weeds can also diminish the quality and palatability of the forage available for livestock grazing, and certain weed species are potentially poisonous to grazing animals. Therefore, it may be desirable to initiate weed management strategies that reduce the impact of weeds on forage production.

Departments: Plant and Soil Sciences
Series: Agronomy (AGR series)
Size: 660 kb
Pages: 16



AGR-263

Growing Wheat for Forage

4/14/2021 (new)
Authors: Jimmy Henning, Tim Phillips, Ray Smith, Chris Teutsch

Wheat is a multipurpose crop that can be used for cover crops, stored forage or grazing. As much as 25% of Kentucky's wheat acreage is not harvested as grain but used for cover crop or forage production. Wheat has excellent winter hardiness and can be sown later in the fall than barley. Wheat is a good choice for planting following corn or soybean harvest to capture residual nitrogen, build soil organic matter and prevent erosion. Wheat provides high quality, early spring growth, but has limited fall growth compared to grazing types of cereal rye.

Departments: Plant and Soil Sciences
Series: Agronomy (AGR series)
Size: 1.36 mb
Pages: 3



AGR-232

Crabgrass

4/6/2021 (minor revision)
Authors: Jimmy Henning, Tom Keene, Ray Smith, Chris Teutsch

Crabgrass possesses significant potential for supplying high quality summer forage although it is considered a weed by many. A primary advantage of crabgrass is that it is well adapted to Kentucky and occurs naturally in most summer pastures, especially those that have been overgrazed. It is also highly palatable and a prolific re-seeder. Planting an improved variety of crabgrass is recommended because the production of naturally-occurring ecotypes varies greatly. Crabgrass is best utilized by grazing.

Departments: Plant and Soil Sciences
Series: Agronomy (AGR series)
Size: 428 kb
Pages: 2



AGR-86

Growing Lespedeza in Kentucky for Cattle, Sheep and Goats

4/6/2021 (major revision)
Authors: Jimmy Henning, Garry Lacefield, Ray Smith, Chris Teutsch

Annual and perennial lespedezas are grown in Kentucky for pasture, hay, and soil stabilization. Lespedezas are warm season legumes that complement cool-season grasses in both pasture and hay situations. They are more tolerant of less fertile, more acid soils, but have lower yield potential than other forage legumes such as red clover and alfalfa.

Departments: Plant and Soil Sciences
Series: Agronomy (AGR series)
Size: 1.85 mb
Pages: 4



AGR-48

Bermudagrass: A Summer Forage in Kentucky

4/6/2021 (minor revision)
Authors: Jimmy Henning, Ray Smith, Chris Teutsch

Bermudagrass can be used successfully as part of a livestock forage program to supplement summer production of cool-season grasses. It is high-yielding, sod-forming, warm-season perennial grass that is most productive on well-drained, fertile soils. Bermudagrass is widely grown in the southern United States for pasture and hay.

Departments: Plant and Soil Sciences
Series: Agronomy (AGR series)
Size: 2.05 mb
Pages: 6



AGR-264

Improving Kentucky Small Ruminant Pastures

4/2/2021 (new)
Authors: Jimmy Henning, Krista Lea, Ray Smith, Chris Teutsch

For many small ruminants, quality pasture can provide almost all nutrients needed for maintenance or light work for much of the year. Pasture reduces the cost of keeping livestock while minimizing impacts on the environment. Below are some guidelines for improving pastures.

Departments: Plant and Soil Sciences
Series: Agronomy (AGR series)
Size: 1.14 mb
Pages: 2



AGR-207

Broadleaf Weeds of Kentucky Pastures, 2021

3/23/2021 (major revision)
Authors: J.D. Green

A guide to the identification and control of broadleaf weeds in Kentucky pastures.

Departments: Plant and Soil Sciences
Series: Agronomy (AGR series)
Size: 3.90 mb
Pages: 2



AGR-262

Utilizing Drought Stressed Soybeans for Forage

2/10/2021 (new)
Authors: Jimmy Henning, Ray Smith, Chris Teutsch, Katherine VanValin

Although soybeans are commonly grown as a grain crop, they can be grazed or harvested as either a hay or silage crop. This most commonly occurs when the grain potential of the soybean crop has been reduced by drought, hail damage, or early frost. A realistic forage yield expectation for drought stressed soybeans would be 1.5 to 2.0 tons of dry matter per acre. The objective of this article is to provide practical tips for successfully, grazing, conserving and feeding drought stressed soybeans.

Departments: Animal and Food Sciences, Plant and Soil Sciences
Series: Agronomy (AGR series)
Size: 380 kb
Pages: 3



AGR-173

Baling Forage Crops for Silage

1/11/2021 (major revision)
Authors: Jimmy Henning, Ray Smith, Chris Teutsch

Forage may be stored for winter feeding when pasture production is limited, for use in confinement feeding systems, or for cash hay. Dry hay is the most popular storage method since it stores well for long periods and is better suited to cash sale and shipping than high moisture forages. However, silage may be more suitable in situations where hay curing is difficult. It is possible to make high quality silage or haylage using long (unchopped) forage crops baled with large round balers, although balers may need modification to handle wet material.

Departments: Plant and Soil Sciences
Series: Agronomy (AGR series)
Size: 957 kb
Pages: 4



AGR-259

Multi-SOA Pre-emergence Herbicides for Palmer Amaranth and Waterhemp Control

12/17/2020 (new)
Authors: Travis Legleiter

Waterhemp and Palmer amaranth are among the most troublesome and hard to control weeds in soybean fields in Kentucky. Both species have spread across the state over the past ten to fifteen years. Resistance to ALS-inhibiting herbicides [Group 2] and glyphosate [Group 9] is widespread in both species, while PPO-resistance [Group 14] is continually spreading especially in waterhemp. Herbicide manufacturers have developed several herbicide premix formulations targeted at controlling waterhemp and Palmer amaranth that contain multiple effective sites of action, thus farmers have options to choose from.

Departments: Plant and Soil Sciences
Series: Agronomy (AGR series)
Size: 1.37 mb
Pages: 2



AGR-255

Strategies for Reclaiming Hay Feeding Areas

12/15/2020 (new)
Authors: Kelly Mercier, Chris Teutsch

Hoof damage from livestock during the winter months can result in almost complete disturbance of desired vegetation and soil structure in and around hay feeding areas. Even well-designed hay feeding pads will have significant damage at the edges where animals enter and leave. Highly disturbed areas create perfect growing conditions for summer annual weeds like spiny pigweed and cocklebur. Weed growth is stimulated by lack of competition from a healthy and vigorous sod and the high fertility from the concentrated area of dung, urine, and rotting hay. The objective of this publication is to outline strategies for rapidly establishing stands of desirable forage species on these areas.

Departments: Plant and Soil Sciences
Series: Agronomy (AGR series)
Size: 985 kb
Pages: 3



AGR-260

Palmer Amaranth and Waterhemp Control in Corn and Soybean

12/14/2020 (new)
Authors: Travis Legleiter

Understanding the biology of a weed is the first step in implementing an effective weed control program. This is especially true with Palmer amaranth (Amaranthus palmeri) and waterhemp (Amaranthus tuberculatus), as understanding their emergence patterns, competitiveness, adaptability, and seed production all need to be considered when developing a control program.

Departments: Plant and Soil Sciences
Series: Agronomy (AGR series)
Size: 1.10 mb
Pages: 3



AGR-257

Hay Sampling: Strategies for Getting a Good Sample

12/2/2020 (new)
Authors: Jordyn Bush, Jimmy Henning, Tom Keene, Chris Teutsch

Knowing the nutritional quality of forage and hay is an integral part of a profitable and efficient livestock operation. Accurate estimation of forage quality starts with obtaining a representative sample of the forage to be fed. Proper sampling technique is critical. Hay is preserved in different packages ranging from the small square bale weighing 40-50 lb to the large square bale weighing more than 1500 lb. In Kentucky, most hay is packaged in large round bales weighing between 500 and 1500 lb. Wrapped bale silage is also gaining popularity and should be sampled in a similar manner to large round hay bales with the exceptions listed here.

Departments: Plant and Soil Sciences
Series: Agronomy (AGR series)
Size: 5.16 mb
Pages: 3



AGR-254

Grain Drill Calibration: Don't Make a Mistake--CALIBRATE!

12/2/2020 (new)
Authors: Jessica Buckman, Chris Teutsch

Grain drill calibration is a critical, yet often ignored part of successful forage establishment and pasture renovation. Planting lower seed rates than recommended can result in thin stands that are susceptible to weed encroachment. Planting more than the recommended seeding rate is undesirable due to increased seed costs. The following calibration method can be applied across a wide range of grain drill types and manufacturers and minimizes the need to carry out detailed mathematical calculations.

Departments: Plant and Soil Sciences
Series: Agronomy (AGR series)
Size: 1.00 mb
Pages: 2



AGR-252

Soil Sampling Pastures and Hayfields

12/2/2020 (new)
Authors: Edwin Ritchey, Chris Teutsch

Adequate soil fertility in pastures and hayfields is key to maintaining productivity and optimizing profitability. Soil testing is the basis of well-designed fertilization and liming programs. In order to develop effective programs, soil samples must be collected in a manner that results in an accurate representation of each pasture or hayfield area. The objective of this publication is to provide guidelines that, when followed, result in representative soil samples.

Departments: Plant and Soil Sciences
Series: Agronomy (AGR series)
Size: 480 kb
Pages: 2



AGR-261

Double Crop Soybean Production in Kentucky

10/20/2020 (new)
Authors: Carrie Knott

The double crop soybean system was pioneered in Kentucky. Traditionally, double crop soybean are planted in June following harvest of a small grain: wheat, barley, and in some cases cereal rye. Since the early 2000's, about 25% of the total soybean production in Kentucky has been double crop soybean. Many agronomic management strategies are similar between double crop soybean and full season soybean: soybean planted in the spring following corn from the previous year. However, there are certain management strategies that are important for double crop soybean, which not only increase yield potential but also offer opportunities to increase profitability.

Departments: Plant and Soil Sciences
Series: Agronomy (AGR series)
Size: 427 kb
Pages: 2



AGR-256

Identification of Palmer Amaranth, Waterhemp and Other Pigweed Species

10/16/2020 (new)
Authors: Travis Legleiter

Palmer amaranth (Amaranthus palmeri) and waterhemp (Amaranthus tuberculatus) are two species of the Amaranthus family that have enveloped the corn and soybean growing landscape of the United State over the past decade. Herbicide resistant Palmer amaranth first began infesting western Kentucky along the Mississippi and Ohio rivers in the early 2000's and has spread along the rivers and into the uplands over the last two decades. The introduction and spread of waterhemp had not been as widespread in Kentucky, although a rapid spread of waterhemp over the last 5 to 10 years has been noted especially in central Kentucky. Both Amaranthus species can be very difficult to control in soybean and corn due to herbicide resistance. The first step in effectively managing or controlling both species is to properly identify them when they first invade your fields. Early management decisions when Palmer amaranth and waterhemp first invade is key to long-term control.

Departments: Plant and Soil Sciences
Series: Agronomy (AGR series)
Size: 2.21 mb
Pages: 2



AGR-258

Production of Connecticut Broadleaf Cigar Wrapper Tobacco in Kentucky and Tennesse

9/29/2020 (new)
Authors: Andy Bailey, Bob Pearce

There has been recent interest from tobacco dealers in purchasing Connecticut Broadleaf tobacco produced in Kentucky and Tennessee. Connecticut Broadleaf has traditionally been grown in areas of the Connecticut River Valley in Connecticut and Massachusetts. However, decreased production in this area along with increased demand for natural leaf cigar wrappers has caused tobacco dealers to pursue other tobacco-producing areas for this type. At first glance, Connecticut Broadleaf tobacco resembles dark air-cured tobacco, but generally has enhanced leaf quality characteristics that can increase its potential value for use as cigar binders and wrappers.

Departments: Plant and Soil Sciences
Series: Agronomy (AGR series)
Size: 806 kb
Pages: 4



AGR-253

Identifying Freeze Damage in Wheat

8/11/2020 (new)
Authors: Carrie Knott

Wheat and other small grains can be damaged when air temperatures fall below certain thresholds for two or more continuous hours. These temperatures do not necessarily mean that damage will occur. Rather, these temperatures are general guidelines of when damage may occur. It is important that the crop be scouted to determine the extent of the damage, if any.

Departments: Plant and Soil Sciences
Series: Agronomy (AGR series)
Size: 4.50 mb
Pages: 4



AGR-18

Grain, Forage, and Cover Crop Guide

7/8/2020 (major revision)
Authors: Erin Haramoto, Jimmy Henning, Carrie Knott, Chad Lee, Ray Smith

A quick resource on agronomic management of grain, forage, and cover crops.

Departments: Plant and Soil Sciences
Series: Agronomy (AGR series)
Size: 506 kb
Pages: 12



AGR-18P

Grain, Forage, and Cover Crop Guide (poster)

7/7/2020 (major revision)
Authors: Erin Haramoto, Jimmy Henning, Carrie Knott, Chad Lee, Ray Smith

A quick resource on agronomic management of grain, forage, and cover crops. NOTE: This poster is 25 x 38 inches. AGR-18 is the booklet-sized version.

Departments: Plant and Soil Sciences
Series: Agronomy (AGR series)
Size: 277 kb
Pages: 1



AGR-251

Quick Identification Tips for Turfgrasses Commonly Grown in Kentucky

6/19/2020 (new)
Authors: Gregg Munshaw, Travis Shaddox

Species of both warm- and cool-season turfgrasses are grown in Kentucky. Identification of these grasses is critical for implementation of proper management practices. Grass identification is commonly performed by observing specific parts of the plant. For a review of the parts of the grass plant, see AGR-216: 'Turfgrasses of Kentucky'. The objective of this extension publication is to provide concise identification tips to properly identify Kentucky turfgrasses.

Departments: Plant and Soil Sciences
Series: Agronomy (AGR series)
Size: 4.10 mb
Pages: 4



AGR-250

Remediation of the Fragipan Using Annual Ryegrass

4/29/2020 (new)
Authors: Dottie Call, John Grove, A.D. Karathanasis, Chris Matocha, Lloyd Murdock

The fragipan is a naturally occurring restrictive soil horizon that virtually stops water movement and root growth through the soil. It is commonly located 18-32 inches below the surface of most of Kentucky's fragipan soils. The dense nature of this layer is due to the cementation and binding of the soil particles with a silicate rich amorphous aluminosilicate in association with iron. The binding agents seal the pores and pack soil particles close together. The fragipan is found in 2.7 million acres in Kentucky, and about 50 million acres in the United States.

Departments: Plant and Soil Sciences
Series: Agronomy (AGR series)
Size: 5.68 mb
Pages: 8



AGR-249

Potassium for Kentucky Turfgrasses

2/14/2020 (new)
Authors: Gregg Munshaw, Travis Shaddox

Potassium (K) is an essential plant element and is the most abundant mineral, macro-nutrient in turfgrass after nitrogen (N). Sufficient concentrations of K are important to maximize turfgrass tolerance to stresses caused by temperature, drought, traffic, and salinity. Understanding the function, soil content, and fertilizer forms of K is essential to creating an efficient nutrient management program.

Departments: Plant and Soil Sciences
Series: Agronomy (AGR series)
Size: 286 kb
Pages: 3



AGR-248

The Fate of Nitrogen Applied to Kentucky Turfgrass

2/14/2020 (new)
Authors: Gregg Munshaw, Travis Shaddox

The quality of Kentucky's surface and ground waters are of utmost importance to flora and fauna living in these waters. The growth of flora and fauna is directly related to the amount of available nutrients in these waters. In addition, we use these waters as the primary source of drinking water for ourselves and our families. A wide range of compounds may be found in these waters, the most common of which may be nitrate (NO3-). The sources of nitrogen (N) may include, but are not limited to, atmospheric deposition, septic tanks, effluent water disposal, agricultural fertilization, and landscape fertilization. The objective of this publication is to identify and describe the sources and potential fates of N applied to Kentucky turfgrass.

Departments: Plant and Soil Sciences
Series: Agronomy (AGR series)
Size: 748 kb
Pages: 5



AGR-247

Manganese for Kentucky Turfgrasses

2/13/2020 (new)
Authors: Gregg Munshaw, Travis Shaddox

Manganese (Mn) is a common component of micronutrient packages applied to turfgrass and has been documented to result in increased greening of turfgrass. In order to effectively manage Mn applications, it is important to understand the function of Mn in turfgrass, the dynamics of Mn in the soil, and the various forms of Mn available for turfgrass applications.

Departments: Plant and Soil Sciences
Series: Agronomy (AGR series)
Size: 879 kb
Pages: 3



AGR-245

Nitrogen for Kentucky Turfgrasses

2/13/2020 (new)
Authors: Gregg Munshaw, Travis Shaddox

Nitrogen (N) fertilizer is required by turfgrass in larger quantities than any other mineral nutrient because the plant demand for N is high and the supply of N from the natural environment is normally low. In instances where N is not applied according to the University of Kentucky recommendations, applied N can increase the risk of surface and ground water contamination. The objective of this document is to describe the function of N in turfgrass, explain how soil and tissue tests can be used to manage N applications, and to describe the various N fertilizer sources available for application to turfgrass.

Departments: Plant and Soil Sciences
Series: Agronomy (AGR series)
Size: 168 kb
Pages: 4



AGR-246

Iron for Kentucky Turfgrasses

12/20/2019 (new)
Authors: Gregg Munshaw, Travis Shaddox

Iron (Fe) is commonly applied using granular or foliar sources to enhance turfgrass color. Iron applications can result in darker green turfgrass as a result of increased Fe uptake or Fe oxidation on the leaf surface. In many cases, Fe results in no turfgrass response at all. Understanding the dynamics of Fe both in the plant and in the soil can enhance your nutrient management programs. The objective of this publication is to explain the function of Fe within the plant, describe the Fe sources available for turfgrasses, and identify which Fe fertilizers are most effective.

Departments: Plant and Soil Sciences
Series: Agronomy (AGR series)
Size: 1.78 mb
Pages: 4



AGR-244

Phosphorus for Kentucky Turfgrasses

12/19/2019 (new)
Authors: Brad Lee, Gregg Munshaw, Travis Shaddox

Phosphorus (P) is an essential plant nutrient and a common component of many turfgrass nutrition programs. Although P application can improve turfgrass quality in some soils, most soils of Kentucky already have adequate plant-available P to support healthy turfgrass growth. What is the function of P within the plant, and how much P is required to sustain acceptable turfgrass in Kentucky? Also, if P applications are necessary, when and how should P be applied?

Departments: Plant and Soil Sciences
Series: Agronomy (AGR series)
Size: 481 kb
Pages: 4



AGR-243

Magnesium for Kentucky Turfgrasses

12/19/2019 (new)
Authors: Gregg Munshaw, Travis Shaddox

Magnesium is an essential element for all plants. Soluble magnesium (Mg) exists in soils primarily as Mg2+, a positively charged divalent cation. Kentucky soils are naturally high in Mg and, thus, Mg applications to turfgrass are normally unnecessary. However, turfgrasses grown in sand-based rootzones, such as golf course putting greens and sand-based sports fields, are prone to Mg deficiency. When Mg is necessary, it is essential to understand the function of Mg in the plant, the dynamics of Mg in the soil, and the forms of Mg fertilizers.

Departments: Plant and Soil Sciences
Series: Agronomy (AGR series)
Size: 826 kb
Pages: 3



AGR-242

Calcium for Kentucky Turfgrasses

12/19/2019 (new)
Authors: Gregg Munshaw, Travis Shaddox

Calcium (Ca) is the dominant cation in all soils of agronomic importance and Kentucky soils are no different. Kentucky soils are naturally high in Ca. Consequently, Ca deficiency in Kentucky turfgrasses is extremely rare, and the probability of observing a Ca response on golf courses, home lawns, sod production, or sports fields is very low. Applying Ca fertilizers to artificially increase soil Ca above the level necessary for proper plant growth normally does not result in an increase in plant uptake because Ca uptake is genetically controlled. Regardless, Ca is commonly applied in both granular and liquid forms.

Departments: Plant and Soil Sciences
Series: Agronomy (AGR series)
Size: 112 kb
Pages: 2



AGR-241

Improved Turfgrass Varieties Can Reduce Your Environmental Impact

8/29/2019 (new)
Authors: Gregg Munshaw, Travis Shaddox

Turfgrasses have many benefits, but oftentimes people question if pesticides, fertilizers, and water are justified to sustain a quality turfed area. Although these inputs have long been required to produce thick and dark green turfgrass, some turfgrass breeders have focused on improving the genetics of turfgrasses to produce high quality turf with fewer inputs. Improved turfgrass varieties with increased density, better color, deeper rooting, and improved disease resistance through improved breeding can reduce the overall environmental footprint. Many people select a turfgrass species and variety based on cost, but choosing an improved variety can reduce environment risk and overall maintenance costs in the long-run.

Departments: Plant and Soil Sciences
Series: Agronomy (AGR series)
Size: 4.78 mb
Pages: 4



AGR-52

Selecting the Right Grass for Your Kentucky Lawn

8/29/2019 (major revision)
Authors: Gregg Munshaw, Travis Shaddox

The best grass for your lawn is not necessarily the one you like the best, but the one that is best adapted to where you live and will take less work and fewer inputs (water, fertilizer, pesticides). Many people think that since Kentucky is the "Bluegrass State," it's best to grow Kentucky bluegrass across our state. Actually, Kentucky bluegrass is only marginally adapted to our climate and can require more inputs to keep an appealing lawn than some other choices. In general, Kentucky bluegrass can be an option for parts of central and eastern Kentucky, while zoysiagrass may be a better option in western Kentucky. Tall fescue is adapted to the entire state so is a good choice for most locations. Perennial ryegrasses and fine fescues are occasionally useful in different areas of the state, depending on specific conditions.

Departments: Plant and Soil Sciences
Series: Agronomy (AGR series)
Size: 4.46 mb
Pages: 7



AGR-240

Cover Crop Benefits and Challenges in Kentucky

8/7/2019 (new)
Authors: Chad Lee, Hanna Poffenbarger, Dan Quinn

A cover crop is a plant species that is grown between cash crops primarily to provide cropping system services rather than to produce a harvestable product. Services provided by cover crops include soil health improvement, soil conservation, nutrient release and capture, and weed suppression. However, like any management practice, cover crops also have challenges and limitations. This publication is intended to provide an overview of cover crop use in Kentucky and the challenges and benefits of this practice.

Departments: Plant and Soil Sciences
Series: Agronomy (AGR series)
Size: 4.82 mb
Pages: 6



AGR-239

Calibrating Boom Sprayers for Turf Applications

3/12/2019 (new)
Authors: Gregg Munshaw, Travis Shaddox

Calibrating application equipment is something many people avoid because they believe it is too time consuming or that the math involved is too confusing. Calibration, however, is critical. Applying too little can result in poor pest control and can lead to pesticide resistance. Whereas, over applying can be bad for the environment, damage the grass, and wastes money. There are several methods for calibrating sprayers. Choose the one that makes the most sense to you. Three different methods are described below. All these methods are reliable and will provide very similar application accuracy.

Departments: Plant and Soil Sciences
Series: Agronomy (AGR series)
Size: 1.08 mb
Pages: 4



AGR-238

Establishing and Managing Bermudagrasses in the Transition Zone

11/12/2018 (new)
Authors: Gregg Munshaw, Travis Shaddox

Bermudagrasses have been successfully grown on athletic fields and golf courses in the transition zone for many years. Although each year some level of winterkill threat exists, bermudagrass remains an excellent surface for golf and sports. Seeded varieties of bermudagrasses have been the most common choices in Kentucky due to the availability of seed of good varieties as well as the ease of planting seed versus living plant material. There are, however, several outstanding vegetative bermudagrass cultivars that are adapted to the transition zone.

Departments: Plant and Soil Sciences
Series: Agronomy (AGR series)
Size: 900 kb
Pages: 3



AGR-148

Weed Control in Alfalfa and Other Forage Legume Crops

4/23/2018 (major revision)
Authors: J.D. Green, Travis Legleiter

The importance of weed control in forage production should not be overlooked, especially when you consider the high investment associated with alfalfa and other legume forages. Weeds reduce forage yield by competing for water, sunlight, and nutrients. In addition to yield losses, weeds can also lower forage quality, increase the incidence of disease and insect problems, cause premature stand loss, and create harvesting problems. Some weeds are unpalatable to livestock or, in some cases, may be poisonous.

Departments: Plant and Soil Sciences
Series: Agronomy (AGR series)
Size: 528 kb
Pages: 12



AGR-175

Forage Identification and Use Guide

3/28/2018 (reprinted)
Authors: David Ditsch, Jimmy Henning, Garry Lacefield, Ray Smith

Forage crops occupy approximately 7 million acres in Kentucky. They provide most of the feed for beef, dairy, horse, sheep, and wildlife. In addition, forage crops play a critical role in soil conservation, water quality, and air quality. The purpose of this publication is to provide both agronomic and identification information on several forage grasses and legumes.

Departments: Plant and Soil Sciences
Series: Agronomy (AGR series)
Size: 9.10 mb
Pages: 28



AGR-236

Managing Frost Damaged Alfalfa Stands

3/19/2018 (new)
Authors: Matthew Dixon, Jimmy Henning, Tom Keene, Ray Smith, Chris Teutsch

Wide fluctuations in springtime temperature are common in Kentucky. Late freezing temperatures in the spring can cause damage to alfalfa depending on how far along it is in breaking dormancy. This publication provides information on the effect of low spring temperatures on both established and new alfalfa stands that have begun growth, as well as a method of predicting sensitivity to late frosts or freezes.

Departments: Biosystems and Agricultural Engineering, Plant and Soil Sciences
Series: Agronomy (AGR series)
Size: 2.40 mb
Pages: 3



AGR-229

Warm Season Annual Grasses in Kentucky

3/5/2018 (new)
Authors: Jimmy Henning, Tom Keene, Ray Smith, Chris Teutsch

In Kentucky, cool-season grasses produce ample forage in the spring and fall, but high temperatures and short-term drought stress often limits growth during the summer months. Warm-season annual grasses can fill this gap with relatively high quality forage when properly managed. The purpose of this publication is to provide an overview of the various summer annuals for Kentucky.

Departments: Plant and Soil Sciences
Series: Agronomy (AGR series)
Size: 1.32 mb
Pages: 3



AGR-237

Grass Options for Athletic Fields in the Transition Zone

3/2/2018 (new)
Authors: Nicole Mundell

There are several grasses that will grow in the transition zone, but none all that well. Our summers are often too hot for cool-season grasses like Kentucky bluegrass and our winters are often too cold for warm-season grasses like bermudagrass. Keep in mind, however, that the problem with most poor athletic fields is not grass selection, but rather over use, lack of maintenance, and/or use when field is wet or cannot recover.

Departments: Plant and Soil Sciences
Series: Agronomy (AGR series)
Size: 2.32 mb
Pages: 3



AGR-234

Sudangrass and Sorghum-sudangrass Hybrids

2/19/2018 (new)
Authors: Jimmy Henning, Tom Keene, Ray Smith, Chris Teutsch

Sorghum-sudangrass hybrids are developed by crossing sorghum with true sudangrass. The result is an annual grass that resembles sudangrass, but has coarser stems, taller growth habit, and higher yields. Like sudangrass, hybrids will regrow after grazing if growth is not limited by environmental factors. The coarse stems are difficult to cure as dry hay, therefore these grasses are best utilized for grazing, chopped silage and baleage.

Departments: Plant and Soil Sciences
Series: Agronomy (AGR series)
Size: 785 kb
Pages: 2



AGR-233

Foxtail Millet

2/19/2018 (new)
Authors: Jimmy Henning, Tom Keene, Ray Smith, Chris Teutsch

Foxtail millet (German millet) is a fine-stemmed summer annual used mainly for emergency hay or pasture for cattle. It is the lowest yielding of the summer annual grasses since it will not regrow after cutting. It can also be used as a smoother crop when transitioning to other perennial forage crops. Foxtail millet is also commonly used for wildlife plantings to produce food and cover for doves, quail, and other birds.

Departments: Plant and Soil Sciences
Series: Agronomy (AGR series)
Size: 960 kb
Pages: 2



AGR-231

Pearl Millet

2/19/2018 (new)
Authors: Jimmy Henning, Tom Keene, Ray Smith, Chris Teutsch

The primary benefits of pearl millet are that it does not contain prussic acid and is not susceptible to the sugarcane aphid. Dwarf varieties are available, which are leafier and better suited for grazing.

Departments: Plant and Soil Sciences
Series: Agronomy (AGR series)
Size: 1.18 mb
Pages: 2



AGR-230

Forage Sorghum

2/19/2018 (new)
Authors: Jimmy Henning, Tom Keene, Ray Smith, Chris Teutsch

Forage sorghum is the tallest of the summer annuals, reaching 6 to 15 feet in height and is best harvested as silage. Taller varieties produce high forage yield but can lodge, making them difficult to harvest mechanically. Some varieties have been developed that are shorter with increased resistance to lodging. Forage sorghums, like corn, are harvested once per season by direct chopping. While forage sorghum yields are similar to corn, they are lower in energy. The primary advantage of utilizing sorghum for silage production is its greater drought tolerance.

Departments: Plant and Soil Sciences
Series: Agronomy (AGR series)
Size: 567 kb
Pages: 2



AGR-228

Optimizing Bermudagrass Athletic Field Winter Survival in the Transition Zone

5/31/2017 (new)
Authors: Gregg Munshaw

Bermudagrass is an excellent choice for use on athletic fields throughout the transition zone (which includes Virginia, Kentucky, southern Indiana, and Missouri) because of its tolerance to close cutting heights, summer vigor, positive traction characteristics for athletes, resistance to divoting and ability to withstand and recover from significant traffic during active growth. The major limitation to successful bermudagrass persistence in transition zone locations is a general lack of cold tolerance and susceptibility to winterkill.

Departments: Plant and Soil Sciences
Series: Agronomy (AGR series)
Size: 6.63 mb
Pages: 10



AGR-130

Soybean Production in Kentucky

3/22/2017 (major revision)
Authors: Carrie Knott, Chad Lee

Soybean seed quality is very important for crop establishment. In general, seed quality is an indicator of a seed's ability to produce a seedling in field conditions and includes both seed germination and seed vigor. Most producers are familiar with seed germination since they have seen it on a seed tag. Fewer are familiar with seed vigor.

Departments: Plant and Soil Sciences
Series: Agronomy (AGR series)
Size: 1.40 mb
Pages: 6



AGR-227

Identifying Canola Growth Stages

2/6/2017 (new)
Authors: Carrie Knott

To effectively manage canola in Kentucky, the ability to identify key developmental growth stages is important. The most common canola growth stage system describes developmental stages. Several canola growth stages are important for Kentucky producers to recognize for optimal crop management and to maximize grain yield and profitability.

Departments: Plant and Soil Sciences
Series: Agronomy (AGR series)
Size: 7.33 mb
Pages: 8



AGR-225

Turfgrass Weed Control for Professionals, 2017

1/19/2017 (new)
Authors: Gregg Munshaw

This newly expanded guide provides weed identification and control information that turfgrass professionals can use to develop effective weed control programs for golf courses, athletic fields, sod farms, lawns, and other turfgrass systems. The recommendations apply to the majority of the United States, with input from experts in Illinois, Indiana, Iowa, Kansas, Kentucky, Michigan, Minnesota, Missouri, Nebraska, New York, Ohio, and Wisconsin. Available for purchase from Purdue University.

Departments: Plant and Soil Sciences
Series: Agronomy (AGR series)
Size: mb
Pages: 96



AGR-226

Identification and Control of Henbit and Purple Deadnettle

12/30/2016 (new)
Authors: Mike Barrett, Gregg Munshaw

Most of the winter annual broadleaf weeds are distinguishable from each other and thus fairly easy to key out or identify. However, there are two that show up each spring that often get people scratching their heads as to which is which--is it purple deadnettle? Or is it henbit? There are several similarities between these weeds--both are members of the mint family, both have square stems, both have sparsely hairy oval- to egg-shaped leaves, leaves of both are opposite, and both have small purple flowers that appear in the axils of the upper leaves during the spring.

Departments: Plant and Soil Sciences
Series: Agronomy (AGR series)
Size: 5.38 mb
Pages: 4



AGR-199

Extending Grazing and Reducing Stored Feed Needs

11/21/2016 (reprinted)
Authors: Garry Lacefield

For most livestock producers, extending the grazing season for their animals, or otherwise filling gaps in pasture forage availability to reduce stored feed needs, should be a high priority objective. This publication outlines strategies that can be used in some or many areas to extend grazing and reduce stored feed needs, thus increasing profit.

Departments: Plant and Soil Sciences
Series: Agronomy (AGR series)
Size: 1.51 mb
Pages: 20



AGR-224

Identifying Wheat Growth Stages

9/30/2016 (new)
Authors: Carrie Knott

Identifying growth stages of any crop is important to enable timely crop management decisions that maximize yields and profitability. There are several wheat growth stages that are important for Kentucky producers to recognize for optimal crop management and to maximize grain yield and profitability.

Departments: Plant and Soil Sciences
Series: Agronomy (AGR series)
Size: 5.27 mb
Pages: 8



AGR-223

Identifying Soybean Growth Stages

9/30/2016 (new)
Authors: Carrie Knott, Chad Lee

Accurate identification of soybean growth stages is important to maximize grain yield and profitability, because most management decisions are based upon the growth stage of soybean plants within the fields. Key features of soybean growth stages are highlighted within this guide.

Departments: Plant and Soil Sciences
Series: Agronomy (AGR series)
Size: 4.82 mb
Pages: 8



AGR-222

Estimating Carrying Capacity of Cool Season Pastures in Kentucky Using Web Soil Survey

8/10/2016 (new)
Authors: Krista Lea, Ray Smith

While many factors influence how many animals a farm can carry, soil type has a major influence and should be considered when purchasing, leasing, planning, or managing livestock on pastures.

Departments: Plant and Soil Sciences
Series: Agronomy (AGR series)
Size: 4.21 mb
Pages: 16



AGR-221

Wildlife Benefits of Switchgrass Production in Kentucky

7/26/2016 (new)
Authors: Tom Keene, Krista Lea, Laura Schwer, Ray Smith

Switchgrass is a versatile grass that can be utilized for forage or biomass production. Establishing and maintaining switchgrass is also beneficial to many types of wildlife by providing suitable habitat and cover.

Departments: Plant and Soil Sciences
Series: Agronomy (AGR series)
Size: 385 kb
Pages: 4



AGR-55

Turf Care Calendar for Cool-Season Lawns in Kentucky

7/22/2016 (major revision)
Authors: Gregg Munshaw

Cool-season lawns include Kentucky bluegrass, tall fescue, fine fescues, and perennial ryegrass. This calendar identifies lawn management practices and the best times of the year to perform them.

Departments: Plant and Soil Sciences
Series: Agronomy (AGR series)
Size: 119 kb
Pages: 1



AGR-220

A No-math Method of Calibrating Backpack Sprayers and Lawn Care Spray Guns

4/7/2016 (new)
Authors: Gregg Munshaw

Calibrating application equipment is something many people avoid because they believe it is too time consuming or that the math involved in the process is confusing. Calibration, however, is critical. Applying too much can be bad for the environment, injure the grass, and also wastes money. Applying too little can result in poor pest control and can lead to pesticide resistance. There are several methods that will calibrate sprayers but the no-math method is likely the most simple and reduces the chance of errors.

Departments: Plant and Soil Sciences
Series: Agronomy (AGR series)
Size: 600 kb
Pages: 2



AGR-216

Turfgrasses of Kentucky

8/17/2015 (new)
Authors: Gregg Munshaw

Roughly 7,500 grass species are grown around the world, but only 14 species are adapted as turfgrasses that have been used extensively. Kentucky is situated in the transitional climatic zone of the United States, the middle point between the cool north and the warm south, with warm summers and cool winters. Because of its unusual climate, no single grass is suitable for all situations and locations. The majority of the turfgrasses that are appropriate for use in Kentucky are known as C3 grasses, or cool-season grasses. Cool-season grasses differ from warm-season grasses (C4) in many ways, but most notably in their photosynthetic pathways. Warm-season grasses can tolerate and even thrive during the warm summers while cool-season grasses may become heat-stressed. Conversely, winters in Kentucky may be too cool for warm-season grasses and greenup in the spring may be long and arduous. Warm-season grasses enter a dormancy period during the fall and winter and may stay in this state as long as six or seven months.

Departments: Plant and Soil Sciences
Series: Agronomy (AGR series)
Size: 8.50 mb
Pages: 12



AGR-219

Practicing Good Stewardship When Applying Herbicides for Pasture Weed Control

5/14/2015 (new)
Authors: J.D. Green

Various methods and strategies can be used to combat weed problems in pasture fields. These include mechanical and cultural practices such as mowing or clipping fields, maintaining a good soil fertility program, grazing methods, and other management practices that promote the growth of desirable forage grasses which in turn compete against weeds. Herbicides can be the best alternative to effectively control several troublesome broadleaf weeds. However, it is important to understand the proper use of herbicides and practice good stewardship.

Departments: Plant and Soil Sciences
Series: Agronomy (AGR series)
Size: 190 kb
Pages: 2



AGR-218

Herbicide Recommendations for Weed Control in Kentucky Bluegrass and Tall Fescue Lawns for Professional Applicators

3/30/2015 (new)
Authors: Mike Barrett, J.D. Green, Gregg Munshaw

The best method to control weeds is to grow a dense and healthy lawn. This objective should be primary for turf professionals. Lawn weed control is facilitated by identification of the turfgrass and weed species present. Not all herbicides will control all weeds, and not all herbicides are safe on all lawn grasses. This publication contains herbicide recommendations for licensed professionals. For information on weed control for non-professionals, see AGR 208: Weed Control for Kentucky Home Lawns.

Departments: Plant and Soil Sciences
Series: Agronomy (AGR series)
Size: 240 kb
Pages: 4



AGR-217

Determining Soil Texture by Feel

1/22/2015 (new)
Authors: Josh McGrath, Edwin Ritchey

Soil texture refers to the proportion of sand, silt, and clay in a soil. Texture influences almost every aspect of soil use, both in agricultural and engineering applications, and even how natural ecosystems function. Many scientists consider soil texture the most important soil property as it can influence soil/water relationships, gas exchange, and plant nutrition. Accurately determining soil texture in a lab requires time and money; therefore, it is often necessary to estimate soil texture in the field by feel, which can be very accurate if done correctly.

Departments: Plant and Soil Sciences
Series: Agronomy (AGR series)
Size: 250 kb
Pages: 3



AGR-115

Irrigation Tips to Conserve Water and Grow a Healthy Lawn

11/11/2014 (major revision)
Authors: Brad Lee, Gregg Munshaw

The goal of water conservation in the landscape does not need to be as drastic as eliminating all irrigation, but we should choose plant material wisely and decide if and when irrigation is necessary. This publication is designed to promote a healthy lawn through watering while promoting water conservation through best management practices. One of the easiest things you can do to reduce the need for irrigation in your yard is to plant species that naturally need less water. When choosing plants, remember that just because a particular plant is drought tolerant does not mean that it is suitable for Kentucky's climate.

Departments: Plant and Soil Sciences
Series: Agronomy (AGR series)
Size: 892 kb
Pages: 4



AGR-54

Aerifying and Dethatching Lawns

11/3/2014 (major revision)
Authors: Gregg Munshaw

Lawns in Kentucky will occasionally suffer due to compacted (hard) soils and excessive thatch layers. Although most lawns will not have problems with these issues, you may occasionally need to dethatch or aerify (core) to maintain a high quality lawn.

Departments: Plant and Soil Sciences
Series: Agronomy (AGR series)
Size: 4.40 mb
Pages: 4



AGR-51

Improving Turf Through Renovation

11/3/2014 (major revision)
Authors: Gregg Munshaw

Often a poor lawn can be improved by using proper maintenance practices, including mowing, fertilizing, watering, and pest control. In some instances, however, portions of the lawn must be reseeded. Usually one of two methods is used to re-establish a lawn: conventional or renovation. The conventional method involves killing existing vegetation, tilling the soil, and replanting. The advantages of conventional tillage include more complete control of weeds and undesirable grass, a smoother soil surface, and the opportunity to improve the existing soil by adding organic matter and sand. Renovation involves replanting without completely tilling the soil and often without destroying all existing vegetation.

Departments: Plant and Soil Sciences
Series: Agronomy (AGR series)
Size: 3.14 mb
Pages: 5



AGR-215

Evaluating Land Resource Potentials in Kentucky

8/15/2014 (new)
Authors: Edwin Ritchey, Ray Smith

The most successful land use decisions are those where the intended use matches the capabilities of the land. Determining the capability of the land begins with a visual assessment of the landscape such as topography (percent slope) and surface drainage patterns followed by a closer examination of the soil physical and chemical characteristics. The purpose of this publication is to provide a basic understanding of the relationship between these landscape and soil properties to facilitate wise land use decisions.

Departments: Plant and Soil Sciences
Series: Agronomy (AGR series)
Size: 630 kb
Pages: 3



AGR-214

Liming Kentucky Lawns

7/22/2014 (new)
Authors: Gregg Munshaw, Edwin Ritchey

Most homeowners desire an aesthetically pleasing landscape and will take steps to ensure success. Proper fertilizing, watering, and pest control are all steps that will lead to a quality lawn. However, some confusion surrounds when and why lime should be applied to a lawn. Many homeowners believe that lime needs to be applied on an annual basis for a quality lawn. The purpose of this publication is to explain why lime is needed and whether it is required on your lawn.

Departments: Plant and Soil Sciences
Series: Agronomy (AGR series)
Size: 909 kb
Pages: 4



AGR-212

Fertilizing Your Lawn

7/22/2014 (new)
Authors: Gregg Munshaw

Lawns require fertilizer to remain healthy. Proper fertilization practices will lead to a thick, dark green, uniform lawn that is competitive against weed and disease invasions. The nutrients contained in fertilizers are necessary to support many processes occurring within the plants. If any essential nutrient is limiting, the plants will not perform at their highest level.

Departments: Plant and Soil Sciences
Series: Agronomy (AGR series)
Size: 425 kb
Pages: 4



AGR-213

Soybean Nutrient Management in Kentucky

4/24/2014 (new)
Authors: John Grove, Carrie Knott, Chad Lee, Edwin Ritchey

Soybean grows best on fertile soils. For decades, the University of Kentucky has conducted field studies to establish the relationship between soil nutrient supplies and soybean yield. Adequate soil fertility must be present so that yields are not limited.

Departments: Plant and Soil Sciences
Series: Agronomy (AGR series)
Size: 1.02 mb
Pages: 5



AGR-211

Calibrating Fertilizer Spreaders for the Home Lawn

3/25/2014 (new)
Authors: Gregg Munshaw

How much fertilizer should you use on your lawn? Too much can result in turf burn, wasted product and money, and potential environmental concerns. Too little will result in a low-density lawn that will not be attractive or competitive against weed invasions. To insure that you apply the proper amount of fertilizer to your lawn, you must calibrate your fertilizer spreader. You should calibrate your spreader each time you use a new (different) fertilizer because not all fertilizers have the same particle size or density. The information on the fertilizer bag is a good starting point for the calibration process but remember that spreaders can differ significantly. Calibrating your spreader will take a little bit of work, but the series of fairly simple steps below will help you complete the task.

Departments: Plant and Soil Sciences
Series: Agronomy (AGR series)
Size: 2.90 mb
Pages: 4



AGR-129

Soybean Variety Selection

3/20/2014 (major revision)
Authors: Carrie Knott, Chad Lee, Edwin Ritchey

Soybean variety selection is one of the most important and most difficult management decisions a producer must make each year. It takes careful identification of the problems and needs of the production system. When done properly it increases the chance the variety will reach its full yield potential while eliminating costs for unnecessary traits, resulting in highly profitable returns.

Departments: Plant and Soil Sciences
Series: Agronomy (AGR series)
Size: 570 kb
Pages: 6



AGR-210

Fertilizer Management in Alfalfa

1/8/2014 (new)
Authors: David Ditsch, Lloyd Murdock, Edwin Ritchey, Greg Schwab

Alfalfa is a high quality, valuable forage crop that can be successfully produced on most well-drained soils in Kentucky for hay, silage, and grazing. Fertilizing alfalfa can be uniquely challenging because it is a high-yielding crop that removes a tremendous amount of soil nutrients when compared to other crops grown in Kentucky. A thorough understanding of alfalfa's growth habits, nutrient requirements, and soil nutrient supply mechanisms is necessary to effectively manage fertilizer inputs and maximize profitability while minimizing environmental impact.

Departments: Plant and Soil Sciences
Series: Agronomy (AGR series)
Size: 4 kb
Pages: 4



AGR-209

Mowing Your Kentucky Lawn

4/15/2013 (new)
Authors: Gregg Munshaw

Mowing is a recurring cutting of a portion of a grass shoot. Lawns are mowed to maintain topgrowth within a specific range, to control weed plants that are intolerant to mowing, or to sustain an ornamental turf. Mowing is usually thought of as the most simple of lawn maintenance practices; however, even though we perform it more than any other, it can result in mistakes.

Departments: Plant and Soil Sciences
Series: Agronomy (AGR series)
Size: 4.50 mb
Pages: 4



AGR-208

Weed Control for Kentucky Home Lawns

2/25/2013 (new)
Authors: Mike Barrett, J.D. Green, Gregg Munshaw

The best defense against weed problems in home lawns is a healthy and dense lawn. In thick lawns, weed seeds may not germinate because light may never reach the soil surface. A thick lawn is competitive with weeds, keeping them from growing and reproducing. Developing a healthy and dense lawn comes from using cultural practices such as proper grass species and cultivar selection, proper mowing heights and fertilization, and other good management practices. The need for herbicides to control weeds in home lawns can be greatly reduced if the lawn is well maintained.

Departments: Plant and Soil Sciences
Series: Agronomy (AGR series)
Size: 390 kb
Pages: 6



AGR-202

Corn Growth Stages and Growing Degree Days: A Quick Reference Guide

9/13/2011 (new)
Authors: Chad Lee

Corn growth stages are based on the leaf collar method, where fully emerged leaves (leaf collar visible) are used to stage vegetative development. Growing degree days (GDDs) are used to relate temperature to corn growth and development.

Departments: Plant and Soil Sciences
Series: Agronomy (AGR series)
Size: 278 kb
Pages: 2



AGR-203

Improving the Productivity of Landscapes with Little or No Topsoil

8/16/2011 (new)
Authors: Edwin Ritchey

Landscapes with little or no topsoil can make it difficult to produce a garden, lawn, or other plants. Topsoil, dark in color compared to the underlying soil, is the part of a soil that is most biologically active, nutrient rich, and easily managed. It also is usually more easily worked than underlying soil, supplies most of the plant's water and nutrients, and is generally best for plant growth.

Departments: Plant and Soil Sciences
Series: Agronomy (AGR series)
Size: 430 kb
Pages: 4



AGR-201

Switchgrass for Biomass Production in Kentucky

3/14/2011 (new)
Authors: Laura Schwer, Kenton Sena, Ray Smith

Switchgrass (Panicum virgatum L.) is a warm-season, perennial bunch-type grass native to the North American Tallgrass Prairie that has been investigated as a bioenergy crop due to its adaptation to a wide range of environmental conditions and soil types as well as its high stable yields. Switchgrass is recommended for soil conservation and wildlife habitat in both monoculture and in mixed stands of native warm-season grasses and forbs as well as for summer grazing in pasture systems and as a hay crop for cattle.

Departments: Plant and Soil Sciences
Series: Agronomy (AGR series)
Size: 250 kb
Pages: 8



AGR-200

Soil Sampling and Nutrient Management in Horse Pastures

7/27/2010 (new)
Authors: M.W. Piersawl, Greg Schwab

Horse pastures are fertilized to ensure a reliable supply of energy, protein, and other nutrients for a long season of grazing. Management of plant nutrients maintains a balance of improved grasses and legumes and suppresses many pasture weeds. Properly fertilized pastures look good and harm neither animals nor the environment.

Departments: Plant and Soil Sciences
Series: Agronomy (AGR series)
Size: 293 kb
Pages: 4



AGR-191

Using a Grazing Stick for Pasture Management

5/18/2010 (minor revision)
Authors: Adam Probst, Ray Smith

Good management of livestock feeding enterprises requires an understanding of feed inventories and their use. This publication is intended to help producers meet animal forage needs in a rotational grazing system by mastering the use of a grazing stick to estimate pasture yield and pasture allocation.

Departments: Plant and Soil Sciences
Series: Agronomy (AGR series)
Size: 350 kb
Pages: 4



AGR-185

Nitrogen Transformation Inhibitors and Controlled-Release Urea

4/21/2010 (major revision)
Authors: Lloyd Murdock, Greg Schwab

The soaring cost of fossil fuels is an indicator that nitrogen fertilizer prices are going to remain high for the foreseeable future. With higher N prices, many producers are trying to evaluate the usefulness of several N additive products in their production systems. High N prices make these products more attractive because it takes fewer pounds of saved N to offset the price of the additive. Producers should have a good understanding of how these products work in order to make informed decisions regarding their use.

Departments: Plant and Soil Sciences
Series: Agronomy (AGR series)
Size: 500 kb
Pages: 6



AGR-26

Renovating Hay and Pasture Fields

4/8/2009 (minor revision)
Authors: Garry Lacefield, Ray Smith

Departments: Plant and Soil Sciences
Series: Agronomy (AGR series)
Size: 1.17 mb
Pages: 4



AGR-145

Warm Season Perennial Grasses for Forages in Kentucky

3/10/2009 (minor revision)
Authors: Tom Keene, Garry Lacefield, Ray Smith

Native warm-season perennial grasses are well adapted for production in Kentucky's climate and soils. In this publication, native warm-season perennial grasses that have the greatest forage potential for Kentucky are described. Management techniques necessary to establish stands and keep them productive are also discussed.

Departments: Plant and Soil Sciences
Series: Agronomy (AGR series)
Size: 1.64 mb
Pages: 4



AGR-198

Sulfur Fertilization in Kentucky

10/23/2008 (new)
Authors: Greg Schwab

There are a lot of misunderstandings regarding sulfur (S) nutrition for Kentucky crops. Sulfur is considered a seconda r y pla nt nutrient because, although the crop requirement for S is relatively large, it is usually found in soil at concentrations adequate for plant growth and yield so that no fertilizer S is needed. For many years, soil S was maintained by atmospheric deposition. However, more stringent clean air standards require greater removal of S during burning of fossil fuels. That fact, along with increasing crop yields, has caused many Kentucky grain producers to begin to question if S fertilization will increase yield.

Departments: Plant and Soil Sciences
Series: Agronomy (AGR series)
Size: 300 kb
Pages: 4



AGR-197

Compaction, Tillage Method, and Subsoiling Effects on Crop Production

1/11/2008 (new)
Authors: Dottie Call, John James, Lloyd Murdock

No-tillage is the preferred method of crop production for most Kentucky farmers. No-tillage has been proven to increase soil quality and decrease the risk of soil compaction as compared to crop production using annual tillage. However, with the use of heavy farm equipment, soil compaction is always a threat with either tillage or no-tillage. The possibility of soil compaction and its effect on crop production is a constant concern to many farmers using no-tillage. If soil compaction occurs, is there a difference between the two tillage systems on how it affects crop production and the recovery of the soil with and without subsoil tillage? The following study was conducted to help producers and advisors understand soil compaction and its effects on corn and soybean production as well as the ability of the two tillage systems to recover from soil compaction.

Departments: Plant and Soil Sciences
Series: Agronomy (AGR series)
Size: 293 kb
Pages: 4



AGR-17

Double-Cropping Land for Silage Production

10/31/2007 (minor revision)
Authors: Chad Lee, Lloyd Murdock, Greg Schwab

Departments: Plant and Soil Sciences
Series: Agronomy (AGR series)
Size: 192 kb
Pages: 2



AGR-196

Double Crop Curing Dark Fired Tobacco

9/18/2007 (new)
Authors: Andy Bailey

Double crop curing is the practice of curing two crops of tobacco in the same barn and growing season. The practice of double crop curing has been utilized by some dark-fired tobacco growers for several years but has increased in recent years as growers have attempted to consolidate operations a nd incre a se efficienc y of production. Tobacco buying companies have started accepting the crop earlier than in the past to better accommodate this practice.

Departments: Plant and Soil Sciences
Series: Agronomy (AGR series)
Size: 190 kb
Pages: 6



AGR-195

Replanting Options for Corn

7/27/2007 (new)
Authors: J.D. Green, Jim Herbek, Chad Lee, Jim Martin, Paul Vincelli

Evaluating damaged corn stands and determining when to replant is often a difficult task. Survival, health, and expected yield of the current stand must be weighed against replanting costs, additional management, and expected yield of a replanted crop. The options are rarely clear-cut because damaged corn is rarely uniform throughout the field. The following information will help when making evaluations and management decisions.

Departments: Plant and Soil Sciences, Plant Pathology
Series: Agronomy (AGR series)
Size: 194 kb
Pages: 6



AGR-194

Estimating Hail Damage in Corn

7/27/2007 (new)
Authors: Chad Lee

Hail is precipitation in the form of irregular shapes of ice. Hail can shred leaves off corn plants, bruise stalks, and turn a beautiful field of corn into bare stalks with a few ragged leaves. The initial sight of hail damage is sickening to any farmer. Small corn, with the growing point below the soil surface (see corn staging below) is highly tolerant to hail damage. As the growing point moves above the soil surface and the corn plant gets closer to tasseling, corn becomes more susceptible to hail damage. Corn is most susceptible to hail damage from the period just prior to tasseling through early milk. Once corn passes the early milk stage, it becomes more tolerant to hail damage.

Departments: Plant and Soil Sciences
Series: Agronomy (AGR series)
Size: 170 kb
Pages: 4



AGR-193

Evaluating Flood Damage in Corn

7/27/2007 (new)
Authors: Jim Herbek, Chad Lee, Lloyd Murdock, Greg Schwab

Departments: Plant and Soil Sciences
Series: Agronomy (AGR series)
Size: 160 kb
Pages: 2



AGR-192

Evaluating Early Season Frost Damage in Corn

7/27/2007 (new)
Authors: Chad Lee

Departments: Plant and Soil Sciences
Series: Agronomy (AGR series)
Size: 160 kb
Pages: 2



AGR-154

Dark Tobacco Sucker Control

7/11/2007 (minor revision)
Authors: Andy Bailey

Departments: Plant and Soil Sciences
Series: Agronomy (AGR series)
Size: 163 kb
Pages: 2



AGR-92

Sampling Plant Tissue for Nutrient Analysis

5/8/2007 (minor revision)
Authors: Chad Lee, Bob Pearce, Greg Schwab, Bill Thom

Departments: Plant and Soil Sciences
Series: Agronomy (AGR series)
Size: 646 kb
Pages: 6



AGR-190

Chicory: an Alternative Livestock Forage

1/26/2007 (new)
Authors: David Ditsch, Brandon Sears

Departments: Plant and Soil Sciences
Series: Agronomy (AGR series)
Size: 143 kb
Pages: 2



AGR-189

Managing Seasonal Fluctuations of Soil Tests

5/15/2006 (new)
Authors: Dottie Call, Lloyd Murdock

Departments: Plant and Soil Sciences
Series: Agronomy (AGR series)
Size: 211 kb
Pages: 4



AGR-79

Producing Corn for Silage

3/20/2006 (minor revision)
Authors: Jim Herbek, Garry Lacefield, Chad Lee, Ray Smith

Departments: Plant and Soil Sciences
Series: Agronomy (AGR series)
Size: 332 kb
Pages: 8



AGR-158

Dealing with Chemical Injury in Tobacco

3/1/2006 (minor revision)
Authors: Andy Bailey, J.D. Green, Gary Palmer

Departments: Plant and Soil Sciences
Series: Agronomy (AGR series)
Size: 612 kb
Pages: 8



AGR-153

Harvesting, Curing, and Preparing Dark Air Cured Tobacco for Market

3/1/2006 (minor revision)
Authors: Andy Bailey

Departments: Plant and Soil Sciences
Series: Agronomy (AGR series)
Size: 255 kb
Pages: 4



AGR-152

Harvesting, Curing, and Preparing Dark Fired Tobacco for Market

3/1/2006 (minor revision)
Authors: Andy Bailey

Departments: Plant and Soil Sciences
Series: Agronomy (AGR series)
Size: 284 kb
Pages: 4



AGR-187

Estimating Corn Yields

1/7/2006 (new)
Authors: Jim Herbek, Chad Lee

Departments: Plant and Soil Sciences
Series: Agronomy (AGR series)
Size: 135 kb
Pages: 2



AGR-162

Stockpiling for Fall and Winter Pasture

1/1/2006 (minor revision)
Authors: Roy Burris, Jimmy Henning, John Johns, Garry Lacefield, Ray Smith

Departments: Animal and Food Sciences, Plant and Soil Sciences
Series: Agronomy (AGR series)
Size: 187 kb
Pages: 4



AGR-188

Estimating Soybean Yields

12/15/2005 (new)
Authors: Jim Herbek, Chad Lee

Estimating soybean yield while the crop is still standing in the field can be a challenging procedure. Proceed with caution since variability in yield components such as plant population, seeds per pod, and seed size can all drastically affect the final yield. Yield estimates may be inaccurate when conducted before seed fill is complete, and assumptions of final pod number, seeds per pod, and seed size may not accurately reflect those values at maturity. The best estimate can be achieved at reproductive growth stage R6 (green pods with seeds that fill the pod cavity) or later.

Departments: Plant and Soil Sciences
Series: Agronomy (AGR series)
Size: 138 kb
Pages: 2



AGR-186

Kudzu Identification and Control in Kentucky

11/30/2005 (new)
Authors: Mitch Blair, Bill Witt

Departments: Plant and Soil Sciences
Series: Agronomy (AGR series)
Size: 199 kb
Pages: 2



AGR-182

Specialty Soybeans

4/1/2005 (reprinted)
Authors: Jim Herbek, Chad Lee

Departments: Plant and Soil Sciences
Series: Agronomy (AGR series)
Size: 312 kb
Pages: 6



AGR-184

Predicting Soybean First Flowering Date

3/1/2005 (new)
Authors: Dennis Egli, Jim Herbek, Chad Lee

Departments: Plant and Soil Sciences
Series: Agronomy (AGR series)
Size: 270 kb
Pages: 2



AGR-183

Late-Season Frost Damage to Corn Grown for Silage

1/30/2005 (new)
Authors: Jim Herbek, Chad Lee

Departments: Plant and Soil Sciences
Series: Agronomy (AGR series)
Size: 135 kb
Pages: 2



AGR-181

Comparison and Use of Chlorophyll Meters on Wheat

11/1/2004 (new)
Authors: Dottie Call, John James, Lloyd Murdock

Departments: Plant and Soil Sciences
Series: Agronomy (AGR series)
Size: 181 kb
Pages: 4



AGR-180

Corn Stalk Nitrate Test

8/27/2004 (new)
Authors: Lloyd Murdock, Greg Schwab

Departments: Plant and Soil Sciences
Series: Agronomy (AGR series)
Size: 136 kb
Pages: 2



AGR-171

Round Bale Hay Storage in Kentucky

4/1/2004 (reprinted)
Authors: Mike Collins, David Ditsch, Jimmy Henning, Steve Isaacs, Garry Lacefield, Larry Turner

Departments: Plant and Soil Sciences
Series: Agronomy (AGR series)
Size: 181 kb
Pages: 8



AGR-134

Kentucky Bluegrass as a Forage Crop

11/1/2003 (minor revision)
Authors: Garry Lacefield, Monroe Rasnake

Departments: Plant and Soil Sciences
Series: Agronomy (AGR series)
Size: 13 kb
Pages:



AGR-179

Annual Ryegrass

9/15/2003 (new)
Authors: Mike Collins, Dan Grigson, Jimmy Henning, Garry Lacefield, Tim Phillips, Monroe Rasnake, Robert Spitaleri

Departments: Plant and Soil Sciences
Series: Agronomy (AGR series)
Size: 97 kb
Pages: 2



AGR-64

Establishing Forage Crops

7/30/2003 (minor revision)
Authors: David Ditsch, Jimmy Henning, Garry Lacefield, Monroe Rasnake

Departments: Plant and Soil Sciences
Series: Agronomy (AGR series)
Size: 88 kb
Pages: 2



AGR-59

Tall Fescue

7/30/2003 (minor revision)
Authors: Jimmy Henning, Garry Lacefield, Tim Phillips

Departments: Plant and Soil Sciences
Series: Agronomy (AGR series)
Size: 115 kb
Pages: 4



AGR-58

Orchardgrass

7/30/2003 (minor revision)
Authors: Jimmy Henning, Garry Lacefield, Tim Phillips

Orchardgrass is a versatile grass and can be used for pasture, hay, green chop, or silage. This high-quality grass will provide excellent feed for most classes of livestock.

Departments: Plant and Soil Sciences
Series: Agronomy (AGR series)
Size: 100 kb
Pages: 2



AGR-76

Alfalfa the Queen of Forage Crops

4/1/2003 (reprinted)
Authors: Mike Collins, Jimmy Henning, Garry Lacefield, Monroe Rasnake

Departments: Plant and Soil Sciences
Series: Agronomy (AGR series)
Size: 108 kb
Pages: 4



AGR-62

Quality Hay Production

4/1/2003 (reprinted)
Authors: Mike Collins, Jimmy Henning, Garry Lacefield, Larry Swetnam

Departments: Plant and Soil Sciences
Series: Agronomy (AGR series)
Size: 245 kb
Pages: 4



AGR-177

Proper Curing Management to Minimize Green Tobacco

1/30/2003 (new)
Authors: Andy Bailey, Gary Palmer

Departments: Plant and Soil Sciences
Series: Agronomy (AGR series)
Size: 80 kb
Pages: 2



AGR-90

Inoculation of Forage Legumes

11/22/2002 (minor revision)
Authors: Jimmy Henning, Garry Lacefield, Monroe Rasnake

Departments: Plant and Soil Sciences
Series: Agronomy (AGR series)
Size: 110 kb
Pages: 2



AGR-84

Timothy

10/1/2002 (minor revision)
Authors: Jimmy Henning, Garry Lacefield, Tim Phillips, Monroe Rasnake

Departments: Plant and Soil Sciences
Series: Agronomy (AGR series)
Size: 95 kb
Pages: 2



AGR-165

The Agronomics of Manure Use for Crop Production

9/20/2002 (minor revision)
Authors: Monroe Rasnake

Departments: Plant and Soil Sciences
Series: Agronomy (AGR series)
Size: 187 kb
Pages: 4



AGR-33

Growing Red Clover in Kentucky

1/31/2002 (reprinted)
Authors: Jimmy Henning, Garry Lacefield, Norm Taylor

Departments: Plant and Soil Sciences
Series: Agronomy (AGR series)
Size: 108 kb
Pages: 2



AGR-57

Soil Testing: What It Is and What It Does

8/15/2000 (minor revision)
Authors: Lloyd Murdock, Frank Sikora, Bill Thom, Ken Wells

Departments: Plant and Soil Sciences
Series: Agronomy (AGR series)
Size: 253 kb
Pages: 2



AGR-146

Using Animal Manures as Nutrient Sources

8/1/2000 (minor revision)
Authors: Monroe Rasnake, Frank Sikora, Bill Thom

Departments: Plant and Soil Sciences
Series: Agronomy (AGR series)
Size: 330 kb
Pages: 4



AGR-123

Processing Sweet Sorghum for Syrup

5/31/2000 (minor revision)
Authors: Morris Bitzer, Joe Fox

Departments: Plant and Soil Sciences
Series: Agronomy (AGR series)
Size: 1.52 mb
Pages: 8



AGR-122

Production of Sweet Sorghum for Syrup in Kentucky

4/30/2000 (reprinted)
Authors: Morris Bitzer

Departments: Plant and Soil Sciences
Series: Agronomy (AGR series)
Size: 204 kb
Pages: 4



AGR-176

Measurement of Temperature Extremes in Tobacco Float Systems

2/1/2000 (new)
Authors: Gary Palmer, Bob Pearce

Departments: Plant and Soil Sciences
Series: Agronomy (AGR series)
Size: 552 kb
Pages: 8



AGR-78

Weed Control Recommendations for Kentucky Bluegrass and Tall Fescue Lawns and Recreational Turf

1/1/2000 (minor revision)
Authors: J.D. Green, Jim Martin, A.J. Powell

Departments: Plant and Soil Sciences
Series: Agronomy (AGR series)
Size: 144 kb
Pages: 2



AGR-174

Using Conductivity Meters for Nitrogen Management in Float Systems

6/30/1999 (new)
Authors: Gary Palmer, Bob Pearce

Departments: Plant and Soil Sciences
Series: Agronomy (AGR series)
Size: 105 kb
Pages: 2



AGR-170

Using a Chlorophyll Meter to Make Nitrogen Recommendations on Wheat

9/1/1997 (new)
Authors: John James, Lloyd Murdock

Departments: Plant and Soil Sciences
Series: Agronomy (AGR series)
Size: 24 kb
Pages: 4



AGR-141

Kura Clover for Kentucky

4/1/1997 (minor revision)
Authors: Don Henry, Norm Taylor, John Vandevender

Departments: Plant and Soil Sciences
Series: Agronomy (AGR series)
Size: 203 kb
Pages: 2



AGR-93

Growing White Clover in Kentucky

11/1/1996 (minor revision)
Authors: David Ditsch, Jimmy Henning, Garry Lacefield, Monroe Rasnake

Departments: Plant and Soil Sciences
Series: Agronomy (AGR series)
Size: 184 kb
Pages: 2



AGR-2

Producing Red Clover Seed in Kentucky

11/1/1996 (new)
Authors: Jimmy Henning, Norm Taylor, Dennis Tekrony

Departments: Plant and Soil Sciences
Series: Agronomy (AGR series)
Size: 144 kb
Pages: 4



AGR-169

Problems in Diagnosing Nutrient Deficiencies of Cool Season Grasses

10/1/1996 (new)
Authors: Charles Dougherty, Ken Wells

Departments: Plant and Soil Sciences
Series: Agronomy (AGR series)
Size: 12 kb
Pages: 2



AGR-119

Alternatives for Fungus Infected Tall Fescue

10/1/1996 (reprinted)
Authors: Jimmy Henning, Garry Lacefield

Departments: Plant and Soil Sciences
Series: Agronomy (AGR series)
Size: 12 kb
Pages:



AGR-5

When to Apply Lime and Fertilizer

9/1/1996 (minor revision)
Authors: Ken Wells

Departments: Plant and Soil Sciences
Series: Agronomy (AGR series)
Size: 143 kb
Pages: 4



AGR-168

Broiler Litter Production in Kentucky and Potential Use as a Nutrient Source

7/1/1996 (new)
Authors: Monroe Rasnake

Departments: Plant and Soil Sciences
Series: Agronomy (AGR series)
Size: 66 kb
Pages: 4



AGR-164

Water Quality Guidelines for Tobacco Float Systems

2/1/1996 (new)
Authors: Gary Palmer, Bob Pearce

Departments: Plant and Soil Sciences
Series: Agronomy (AGR series)
Size: 196 kb
Pages: 2



AGR-163

Selecting the Right Fertilizer for Tobacco Production in Float Systems

2/1/1996 (new)
Authors: Gary Palmer, Bob Pearce

Departments: Plant and Soil Sciences
Series: Agronomy (AGR series)
Size: 180 kb
Pages: 2



AGR-161

Soil Compaction in Kentucky

10/1/1995 (new)
Authors: Tim Gray, Freddie Higgins, Lloyd Murdock, Ken Wells

Departments: Plant and Soil Sciences
Series: Agronomy (AGR series)
Size: 27 kb
Pages: 4



AGR-103

Fertilization of Cool-Season Grasses

3/5/1995 (reprinted)
Authors: Charles Dougherty, Lloyd Murdock, Ken Wells

Departments: Plant and Soil Sciences
Series: Agronomy (AGR series)
Size: 16 kb
Pages:



AGR-151

Evaluating Fertilizer Recommendations

3/1/1995 (reprinted)
Authors: Lloyd Murdock

Departments: Plant and Soil Sciences
Series: Agronomy (AGR series)
Size: 236 kb
Pages: 5



AGR-43

Nitrogen in Kentucky Soils

3/1/1995 (reprinted)
Authors: J.L. Sims, Scott Smith, Ken Wells

Departments: Plant and Soil Sciences
Series: Agronomy (AGR series)
Size: 290 kb
Pages: 8



AGR-19

Liming Acid Soils

3/1/1995 (reprinted)
Authors: Lloyd Murdock, Monroe Rasnake

Departments: Plant and Soil Sciences
Series: Agronomy (AGR series)
Size: 10 kb
Pages:



AGR-132

Soybean Production in Kentucky Part 5: Harvesting, Drying, Storage, and Marketing

9/1/1993 (new)
Authors: Morris Bitzer, Jim Herbek

Departments: Plant and Soil Sciences
Series: Agronomy (AGR series)
Size: 419 kb
Pages: 12



AGR-157

Tobacco Management: Optimizing Profits

1/1/1993 (new)
Authors: Bill Maksymowicz, Gary Palmer

Departments: Plant and Soil Sciences
Series: Agronomy (AGR series)
Size: 136 kb
Pages: 2



AGR-156

Tobacco Transplant Production: Plug and Transfer System

1/1/1993 (new)
Authors: Bill Maksymowicz, Gary Palmer

Departments: Plant and Soil Sciences
Series: Agronomy (AGR series)
Size: 142 kb
Pages: 4



AGR-155

Selecting a Tobacco Transplant Production System

1/1/1993 (new)
Authors: Bill Maksymowicz, Gary Palmer

Departments: Plant and Soil Sciences
Series: Agronomy (AGR series)
Size: 137 kb
Pages: 2



AGR-20

Nodding Thistle and Its Control in Grass Pastures

12/1/1991 (reprinted)
Authors: J.D. Green

Departments: Plant and Soil Sciences
Series: Agronomy (AGR series)
Size: 9 kb
Pages:



AGR-147

Managing Soil Nitrates for Agronomic Efficiency and Environmental Protection

6/1/1991 (new)
Authors: J.L. Sims, Scott Smith, Ken Wells

Departments: Plant and Soil Sciences
Series: Agronomy (AGR series)
Size: 30 kb
Pages:



AGR-143

Managing Slowly Permeable Soils for Tobacco and Corn Production in Kentucky

1/1/1990 (new)
Authors: Ron Phillips, Ken Wells

Departments: Plant and Soil Sciences
Series: Agronomy (AGR series)
Size: 16 kb
Pages:



AGR-139

Herbicide Persistence and Carryover in Kentucky

6/1/1989 (new)
Authors: J.D. Green, Jim Martin

Departments: Plant and Soil Sciences
Series: Agronomy (AGR series)
Size: 12 kb
Pages:



AGR-135

Perennial Broadleaf Weeds of Kentucky

5/1/1988 (new)
Authors: Patricia Haragan, Bill Witt

Departments: Plant and Soil Sciences
Series: Agronomy (AGR series)
Size: 820 kb
Pages: 12



AGR-131

Soybean Production in Kentucky Part 4: Weed, Disease and Insect Control

4/1/1988 (new)
Authors: Morris Bitzer, Jim Herbek

Departments: Plant and Soil Sciences
Series: Agronomy (AGR series)
Size: 62 kb
Pages:



AGR-128

Soybean Production in Kentucky Part 1: Status, Uses and Planning

1/1/1988 (new)
Authors: Morris Bitzer, Jim Herbek

Departments: Plant and Soil Sciences
Series: Agronomy (AGR series)
Size: 38 kb
Pages:



AGR-118

Summer Annual Broadleaf Weeds of Kentucky

4/1/1987 (new)
Authors: Patricia Haragan, Bill Witt

Departments: Plant and Soil Sciences
Series: Agronomy (AGR series)
Size: 18 kb
Pages:



AGR-49

Liming and Fertilizing Burley Tobacco

4/1/1987 (new)
Authors: J.L. Sims, Ken Wells

Departments: Plant and Soil Sciences
Series: Agronomy (AGR series)
Size: 33 kb
Pages:



AGR-117

Winter Annual Weeds of Kentucky

11/1/1986 (new)
Authors: Patricia Haragan, Bill Witt

Late winter or early spring is a good time of year to start looking at the weeds growing in cultivated beds, vegetable gardens, and fallow fields not yet tilled and planted for the coming year. Many of the plants that flower at this time are winter annuals.

Departments: Plant and Soil Sciences
Series: Agronomy (AGR series)
Size: 667 kb
Pages: 8



AGR-109

Managing Acid Soils for Production of Burley Tobacco

8/1/1985 (new)
Authors: J.L. Sims, Ken Wells

Departments: Plant and Soil Sciences
Series: Agronomy (AGR series)
Size: 12 kb
Pages:



AGR-104

'Fergus' Birdsfoot Trefoil

6/30/1984 (reprinted)
Authors: Tim Taylor

Departments: Plant and Soil Sciences
Series: Agronomy (AGR series)
Size: 18 kb
Pages:



AGR-102

Erosion Its Effect on Soil Properties, Productivity and Profit

8/1/1983 (new)
Authors: Lloyd Murdock

Departments: Plant and Soil Sciences
Series: Agronomy (AGR series)
Size: 12 kb
Pages:



AGR-98

Strip Cropping and Contouring

8/1/1983 (new)
Authors: Ken Wells

Departments: Plant and Soil Sciences
Series: Agronomy (AGR series)
Size: 15 kb
Pages:



AGR-96

Controlling Soil Erosion with Agronomic Practices

8/1/1983 (new)
Authors: Harold Vaught

Departments: Plant and Soil Sciences
Series: Agronomy (AGR series)
Size: 11 kb
Pages:



AGR-45

The Effects of Weather on Hay Production

6/1/1983 (reprinted)
Authors: Ken Evans

Departments: Plant and Soil Sciences
Series: Agronomy (AGR series)
Size: 11 kb
Pages:



AGR-105

Fertilization and Liming for Corn

2/1/1983 (new)
Authors: Scott Smith, Scott Smith, Ken Wells

Departments: Plant and Soil Sciences
Series: Agronomy (AGR series)
Size: 21 kb
Pages:



AGR-91

Cropland Rotations for Kentucky

1/1/1982 (new)
Authors: Ken Wells

Departments: Plant and Soil Sciences
Series: Agronomy (AGR series)
Size: 24 kb
Pages:



AGR-14

Harvesting and Curing Burley Tobacco

7/1/1979 (reprinted)
Authors: Ira Massie, Jones Smiley

Departments: Plant and Soil Sciences
Series: Agronomy (AGR series)
Size: 16 kb
Pages:



AGR-23

Tobacco Stalks and Stems Fertility Value and Use

5/1/1979 (reprinted)
Authors: W.O. Atkinson, Jones Smiley

Departments: Plant and Soil Sciences
Series: Agronomy (AGR series)
Size: 6 kb
Pages:



AGR-22

Manganese Toxicity in Burley Tobacco

3/1/1979 (reprinted)
Authors: W.O. Atkinson, Jones Smiley, Jones Smiley

Departments: Plant and Soil Sciences
Series: Agronomy (AGR series)
Size: 7 kb
Pages:



AGR-11

Potassium in Kentucky Soils

2/1/1979 (new)
Authors: Lloyd Murdock, Ken Wells

Departments: Plant and Soil Sciences
Series: Agronomy (AGR series)
Size: 24 kb
Pages:



AGR-12

Weeds of Kentucky Turf

3/1/1961 (new)
Authors: J.W. Herron, Jim Martin, A.J. Powell

Departments: Plant and Soil Sciences
Series: Agronomy (AGR series)
Size: 2.19 mb
Pages: 24